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In this article we explore the misleading rationale behind the production of biofuels as a way to alleviate the climate change. Biofuels would largely be obtained from transgenic crops, with the objective of increasing business opportunities for the gene giants.
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Cientos de las 30 mil personas reunidas en el Foro Social Mundial celebrado esta semana en Nairobi, Kenya, votaron por su símbolo favorito para advertir contra el peligro nanotecnológico o los materiales diseñados con nanotecnologías (un nanómetro es inconcebiblemente pequeño: equivale a una mil millonésima parte de un metro).
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An estimated 30,000 people gathered at the World Social Forum in Nairobi where participants had a chance to vote for their favorite Nano-Hazard Symbol – a design that warns of the presence of engineered nanomaterials (1 nanometer = 1 billionth of a meter).
Manipulación intensional, a gran escala, del ambiente para ocasionar cambios climáticos, particularmente para contrarrestar los efectos indeseados de otras actividades humanas.
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Un nuevo informe del Grupo ETC concluye que los riesgos sociales y ambientales de la biología sintética rebasan con mucho los peligros y abusos de la biotecnolgía. El texto, de 70 páginas, puede descargarse sin costo alguno en el sitio web del Grupo ETC.
“La ingeniería genética es cosa del pasado,” afirmó Pat Mooney, Director Ejecutivo del Grupo ETC. “Hoy, los científicos no solo mapean genomas y manipulan genes, sino que están construyendo la vida desde cero, y sin debate social alguno o siguiendo normas de ningún tipo, afirmó Mooney.
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A new report by the ETC Group concludes that the social, environmental and bio-weapons threats of synthetic biology surpass the possible dangers and abuses of biotech. The full text of the 70-page report, Extreme Genetic Engineering: An Introduction to Synthetic Biology, is available for downloading free-of-charge on the ETC Group website.
"Genetic engineering is passé," said Pat Mooney, Executive Director of ETC Group. "Today, scientists aren't just mapping genomes and manipulating genes, they're building life from scratch - and they're doing it in the absence of societal debate and regulatory oversight," said Mooney.
How we began: We began as a conversation about seeds in 1977. Four and a half decades later, we are still talking about seeds, but the world has grown infinitely more complex: new technologies have developed, economies have globalized, multinational companies have expanded their reach, and wealth and capital are concentrated in the hands of fewer and fewer giant corporations. Life itself has been manipulated, picked apart, re-assembled – and then patented.
In addition to esthetical criteria I based my choice on symbols which conveyed the impression of loose particles freely dispersing. I indeed believe that the main worry comes from material that can easily disperse and thus easily enter the human body. It should be noted that even if particles are initially embedded in a media, great care has to be taken to assess the whole cycle of life of the product so that even when it is disposed of the nano-particulate remain trapped.
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Presentation of Kathy Jo Wetter on behalf of ETC Group
Thank you for the opportunity to present the views of ETC Group. We are an international civil society organization based in Canada. Our work focuses on the social and economic impacts of emerging technologies and their implications, especially for marginalized communities. I’m based in ETC Group’s North Carolina office.
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During summer vacation 2006, the lead US environmental regulatory agency acknowledged it has approved at least 15 novel nano-scale chemicals. Earlier this year EPA sanctioned the unproven use of iron nanoparticles to clean up a pesticide dump.
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El verano pasado (2006), la Agencia de protección al ambiente de Estados Unidos dio luz verde a 15 productos químicos nanoescalares, aunque anteriormente había sancionado el uso de nanopartículas para limpiar un tiradero de plaguicidas y había prometido consultar con el público la regulación de los productos.
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On October 10, ETC Group attended the US Food and Drug Administrations first public meeting on nanotechnology. About 40 people had signed up to make presentations, and we were each given eight minutes to say our piece to the FDAs newly-formed Nanotechnology Task Force. (You can read the text of ETC Groups presentation here.)
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Nano-Drug's Dirty Little Secret
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Asunto: Las aplicaciones médicas de las tecnologías nanoescalares tienen el potencial de revolucionar el cuidado de la salud al brindar poderosas herramientas para diagnosticar y tratar las enfermedades desde un nivel molecular. Sin embargo, el celo actual en pos de tratamientos potenciados a nivel nanométrico puede desviar los escasos fondos destinados a la investigación y el desarrollo de la medicina y de los servicios esenciales de salud, disminuyendo los recursos directos destinados a los aspectos no médicos de la salud y el bienestar comunitarios. Aunque se proclama que la medicina nanológica es una solución a las urgentes necesidades de salud en el Sur global, en realidad surge del Norte y la diseñan primordialmente para los mercados ricos. El fin último de que la industria farmacéutica utilice tecnologías nanoescalares es hacer que todas las personas se vuelvan pacientes y que todo paciente sea un cliente que pague por “medicar” sus afecciones sociales con drogas y dispositivos que mejoren el desempeño humano. Los fármacos y dispositivos habilitados nanológicamente podrían conducir a una era con dos niveles de humanos —el Homo sapiens y el Homo sapiens 2.0.
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Issue: Medical applications of nano-scale technologies have the potential to revolutionize healthcare by delivering powerful tools for diagnosing and treating disease at the molecular level. But the current zeal for nano-enabled
medicines could divert scarce medical R&D funds away from essential health services and direct resources away from non-medical aspects of community health and wellbeing. Although nanomedicine is being touted as a solution to pressing health needs in the global South, it is being driven from the North and is designed primarily for wealthy markets. Using nano-scale technologies, the pharmaceutical industry’s ultimate goal is to make every person a patient and every patient a paying customer by “medicating” social ills with human performance enhancement (HyPE) drugs and devices. Nanoenabled HyPEs could usher in an era of two-tiered humans – Homo sapiens and Homo sapiens 2.0.
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On September 12 just days before Mexico celebrates its Independence Day ETC Group and several Mexican organizations held a press conference in Mexico City and declared the traditional Cry of Independence, but this time for the genetic independence of Mexican maize. It has been over five years since DNA from genetically modified maize contaminated native maize varieties in Mexico.
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The Economist this week has a Special Report on Synthetic Biology , the new field of building artificial life forms from scratch. As is to be expected from the Economist, this is a fairly upbeat assesment of the technology that fails to mention the growing opposition to Synthetic Biology, signalled a few months ago when almost forty civil society groups, trade unions and scientific associations signed an open letter calling for caution.
Here at ETC we have been busy writing our own special report on Synthetic Biology (which we are calling 'Extreme Genetic Engineering' - watch this space!). You can expect it to be a bit more critical than the Economist.
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